在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，一詞多義是一種普遍而重要的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，更是英語(yǔ)詞匯的一大特色。很多學(xué)生在雅思閱讀準(zhǔn)備過(guò)程中只是大量做題，而忽視詞匯量的積累，這就導(dǎo)致問(wèn)題是單詞都認(rèn)識(shí)，偏偏就是看不懂意思。在定位到答案所在文章段落某一句的時(shí)候，還是不能理解或是出現(xiàn)誤解而不能解答題目。以下主要就雅思閱讀劍橋真題部分的一些存在熟詞多義的題目進(jìn)行解析：

　　1.drive

　　C4T1P1：

　　In other words， they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social， economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests.

　　這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)難句，一共出現(xiàn)了三處定語(yǔ)從句，一處ways in which， 一處factors which，一處activities which。

　　drive的主語(yǔ)為連接代詞which代指的先行詞factors，提取之后變?yōu)閒actors drive the activities， 這里如果將這里作為動(dòng)詞的drive 翻譯成駕駛，句子是完成不通順的，我們從后一處的定語(yǔ)從句中得知，activities指的是破壞雨林的行為，也就是前面的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治因素drive了一些破壞雨林的行為，也就是說(shuō)，這里的drive是導(dǎo)致，迫使的意思。

　　C6T1P2

　　選項(xiàng)型SUMMARY

　　Q24： Manufacturers of computers， for instance， are able to import 24................. from overseas， rather than having to rely on a local supplier.

　　文章E段 To see how this influences trade， consider the business of making disk drives for computers. Most of the world's disk-drive manufacturing is concentrated in South-east Asia. This is possible only because disk drives， while valuable， are small and light and so cost little to ship. Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market.

　　通過(guò)manufacturers of computers定位到E段。閱讀后我們可以知道電腦制造商集中在東南亞制造和進(jìn)口disk drives而不是本國(guó)市場(chǎng)。如果同學(xué)對(duì)電腦知識(shí)比較了解的話，對(duì)于drive在這里的理解應(yīng)該問(wèn)題不大。根據(jù)一定的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)我們看得出這里的disk drives和disk-drive是名詞用法，可通過(guò)drive的基本含義“駕駛”進(jìn)一步引申理解，“駕駛磁盤(pán)”過(guò)渡為“讓磁盤(pán)啟動(dòng)”，正確的理解含義為：磁盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)器。對(duì)應(yīng)到題目提供的選項(xiàng)“B. components”

　　2.subject

　　我們知道它由“科目”的意思，詞匯稍好的同學(xué)還會(huì)知道它還有“主語(yǔ)”和“主題”的含義。我們來(lái)看下面一題：

　　C5T1P2

　　單選題 Q20 The teacher-subjects were told that they were testing whether

　　A a 450-volt shock was dangerous.

　　B punishment helps learning.

　　C the pupils were honest.

　　D they were suited to teaching.

　　文章A段 Specifically， Milgram told each volunteer 'teacher-subject' that the experiment was in the noble cause of education， and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils' ability to learn.

　　文章這里的'teacher-subject'打了引號(hào)，也就是說(shuō)即便同學(xué)你不認(rèn)識(shí)，把它當(dāng)作一個(gè)特殊詞符號(hào)，不理解不影響做題。不過(guò)明顯的是，把“科目”“主語(yǔ)”“主題”放這里，都不好理解。在雅思閱讀學(xué)術(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)類的文章中，subject是個(gè)高頻詞匯，作為“實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象”的含義來(lái)使用， 有時(shí)會(huì)同義替換為volunteer或participant。

　　C8T1P3

　　表格填空Q38 The results were then subjected to a 38…………………….

　　文章：In 1987， results from hundreds of autoganzfeld tests were studied by Honorton in a 'meta-analysis'， a statistical technique for finding the overall results from a set of studies.

　　通過(guò)冠詞a我們可以知道此空填名詞單數(shù)，并且從表格縱軸同行的特殊定位詞in 1987，我們找到了定位句。但是定位句中存在冠詞a的三處，到底三處后的單詞填哪個(gè)呢。單詞不會(huì)，語(yǔ)法來(lái)湊，通過(guò)題目和文章的主干結(jié)構(gòu)的一致性：A be subjected to B和A be studied By B in C， 由于Honorton是人名且不符合填詞規(guī)定，順理成章的'meta-analysis'成為我們的選填對(duì)象。那subject to到底什么意思呢，通過(guò)文章，我們可以知道大概是被研究的意思，查了字典我們就了解，正確含義為“受…支配”。

　　這就是小編為大家舉例的雅思閱讀中熟詞多義的情況，希望能幫助大家備考。

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